Tractor



J. JESSEN June 18, 1929.

TRACTOR Original Filed- Nov.

WITNESSES Zidm/M;

June 18, 1929. l J. JESSEN 1.717.980

TRACTOR Original Filed Nov. 15, 1917 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 J. JESSEN June 1a, 1929.

TRACTOR 9 sheets-sheet 5 Original Filed Nov. 15, 1917 Wn-NESSES 75@ J. JESSEN June 18, 1929.

TRACTOR Original Filed Nov. 15. 1917 9 Sheets-Sheet June 18,.l929. ESSEN 1,717,980

TRACTOR Original Filed Nov. 15, 191'? 9 SheejLs-Sheet 5 J. JESSEN June 18, 1929.

TRACTOR Original Filed Nov. l5, 191'? 9 Sheets-Sheet f 6 l WITNESSES 7m M rro/M/EYJ June 18, 1929. 1 JESSEN 1,717,980

TRACTOR l Original Filed Nov. l5. 1917 9 Sheets-.Sheet '7 June 18, 1929. Y J. JEssl-:N 1,717,980'

TRACTOR original .F11-ed Nov. 15, 1917 9 sheets-sheet a J. JESSEN June 18, 1929.

TRACTOR Original Filed Nov. 15, 1917 9 -Sheets-Sheet'.

i. ZM wf w /5 MW 2M l W Patented `.I une 18, i929.

UNTED STATES earner omer.

JAMES JESSEN, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR, BY IVIESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH CORPORATION, OF TOLEDO, OI-IIO, A CORYORATIN OE DELAWARE.

TRACTOR.

Application filed November 15, 1917, Serial No. 202,125.

The invention relates to tractors.

rihe invention is designed to provide an imjroved engine driven tractor of the type in which the operation of the driving mechanism and the steering mechanism is controlled by the use of lines or reins in the hands of t-he operator.

One object of the invention is to provide an improved line drive control.

A further object of the invention 1s to provide a simple and emcient mechanism for turning the tractor.

The invention is further designed to provide a new and improved form of tractor.

rlhe invention further consists in the sevral features hereinafter described.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a view ofc-ne side of the tractor;

Fig. 2 is a. plan view thereof;

Fie". 3 is a section taken on the line 3--3 of Ilig. 1, parts being broken auf'ay;

Fie: 4 is a section taken on the line 4-4 .n of Fig. 3;

1. r I, Fig. o is a section taken on the line a-o of Fig. 1; 4 l

Fig. 6 is a section taken on the line (31o of Fie.

a 2 K ,Y Ilia: l is a section taken on the line 7-l of Fin'. 4;

liig. S a section taken on the line S-o of Fig.' 4;

Fin'. 9 is a detail plan view of the line con rol showing it in neutral josition;

n 10 is a Ydetail plan view of the line control showing it in position for backward drive; l

Fig. 11 is a detail plan view of the line control showing it in position for forward drive;

Fig. 12 is a detail side View of the kicking` catch for the line drive control for '.eutral po. 'tiong and l g. 13 is a detail plan view of a portieri of Lhe line control.

In general, the tractor comprises a frame, drivnig mechanism mounted thereon. steering` mechanism operated by the driving mechanism. and a line control for controlling the operation of the driving mechanism and steering mechanism.

The tractor frame consists of axles 14 carni; the tractor wheels 15, side frame membe I1b' to which the axles are secured, transfranie members 1?, 17', 17 and 18, an

Renewed November 2, 1928.

arc-shaped channel frame member 19 secured to the members 1G and 17', a king bolt 2O pivotallyL centrally mounted in the frame member 18, a. king` bolt coupling` member 2l having arms 22 and 23 disposed above and below the member 18 and through'which the bolt 2O extends, a rearwardly extending tubular frame member 24 secured at its forward end to the coupling 21 by a bolt 25, an adjustable yoke 26, adjust-ably secured by a bolt 26 to the frame and carrying axles 27, rear wheels 28 mounted on said axles 27, a seat support 29 mounted on the member 24 adjacent the rear wheels, and a seat 3() carried by said support 29, Fig. 1. If desired the rear wheels 28 may be removed and the member 24 secured to the tongue of a vehicle to be moved. ,y

rIhe driving'mechanism comprises a motor 31, preferably an internal combustion engine, carried by the frame of the machine and having` a drive shaft 82 and transmission mechanism between said shaft 32 and the tractor wheels 15. The engine is preferably one which is governed in any suitable manner to run at substantially constant speed. The engine is cooled by a radiator 33 suitably connected up in a well known manner to the engine, Fig. .2.

The transmission mechanism comprises a driven shaft 34, gearingconnections between said shaft and the tractor wheels, a shaft a change speed gearing connection between said shaft 35 and the shaft 34, and a reversible driving connection between the shaft 35 and the drive shaft 32, F ig. 5.

rIhe gearing connection between the shaft 34 and the wheels 15 comprises a gear 36 mounted on a shaft 34 and in mesh with an annular gear 37 carried by one of the wheels 15, and a differential gearing connection between said shaft and the other wheel, Figs. 1 and .5. This differential gearing connection consists of bevel gears 39 meshwith the gear 38 and carried by a member 40, a bevel gear 41 loosely mounted on the shaft 34 and meshing with the gear 89, a sleeve 42 mounted on the shaft 34 and adapted to be secured to the gear 41 in any suitable manner as by a clutch device consisting of an interlocking connection 41 between the gear 41 and sleeve 42, said sleeve carrying a gear 45 in mesh with an annular gear 37 carried by the other Wheel 15, Fig.

5. To lock the differential a spring pressed key 42 is adapted to be inserted in the key Way 34 in the shaft 34 when desired. lVith this construction the tractor Wheels are driven upon the rotation of shaft 34 and the differential permits the speed of rotation of the Wheels to be varied with respect to each other so as to allow for turning corners. The change speed gearing connection betvvcen the shaft 34 and the shaft 35 comprises a high speed gearV 46 and a 10W speed gear 47 secured to the member 40, and gears 48 and 49 slidably mounted on the shaft 35 and adapted to mesh respectively with the gears 47 and 4G or to be moved to neutral position,Y Fig. 5. Means are provided for shifting the gears 48 and 49 which will only be briefly mentioned here and for further detailed description of the same reference may be had to my copending application, Serial Number 194,896 tiled October 5, 1917. This gear shifting mechanism includes tivo members 5() and 51 slidably mounted on rods 52 and having portions 53 for engaging the gears 4S and 49. These members 50 and 51 are moved to bring the gears 48 and 49 alternately into engagement With the gears 46 and 47 respectively by means of a rotatable shaft 54 and gearing connection between said shaft and the members and 51 consisting of toothed members 55 and 'i 56 adapted to mesh with toothed projections 57 on the members 50 and 51 as will more fully appear in the above mentioned application. Any suitable means may be used to turn the shaft 54 and secure it in different positions. lVith this construction the shaft- 34 is driven at high or low speed or is disconnected.

The reversible driving connection between the drive shaft- 32 and the shaft 35 comprises a sun gear 58 mounted on the shaft 32, an orbit gear 59 on the shaft and a i'ilurality of planetary gears 60 meshing with said sun and orbit gears and journaled on stud shafts G1 carried by a disk 62 revolubly mounted upon the shaft 32, Figs. 5 and 6. The disk (52 is yieldingly connected to a movable drum G3 by means of studs 64 secured to the disk G2 and passing through apertures in the drum 63 and carrying coiled springs G5 which press against the sides of the drum, the disk being -slidably mounted in an annular recess 66 in the drinn 68. The drum G3 is provided with a conical face having a frietion facing 67 which is :.ulapted to contact with a drum G8 carried by the shaft 82 and having an annular conical clutch face 69 adapted to frictionally engage the facing 67 to form a frictional clutch. The drum 63 is adapted to be moved out of frictional engagement with the drum 68 by means of a crank or lever 70 secured to a shaft 71 journaled in the casing 72 and carrying arms 73 to which a yoke member 74 is pivotally connected, said yoke member engaging in an annular recess 75 in the hub of the drum 63. lilith this construction the springs 65 normally hold the drum in friction-al engagement with the drum 68 but on a shifting of the crank 70, through the line control hereinafter described, the drum (33 will, through the movement of the shaft 71, arms 73 and 74, be moved out of frictional engagement with the drum 68 against the action of the springs G5. Then this occurs no power vvill be transniitted to the shaft 35.

' Means are also provided for holding the drum against movement when it is moved out of engagement with the drinn GS comprising a brake bandA 76 provided with a brake lining 76 and secured at one end to the casing 72 and at the other to a crank 75 mounted on a movable shaft 77, the movement of which is controlled by the line drive control hereinafter described, Figs. and o'. lVith this construction when the friction clutch is in, that is, when the drums G3 and G8 are in frictional engagement with cach other, the disk G2 being` non-rotatably secured to the drum (i3 will be rotated with the shaft- 82 and theV drive for the shaft 35 vfill he locked through the gears 5S, 59 and GO to turn said shaft in the same direction the shaft This condition obtains for for- 'ivard drive of the tractor. Vhen the drums and G8 are thrown out of engagement with each other the drive to the shaftl 35 will be stopped. Vhen the drains 63 and G8 are thrown out-'of engagement with each other and the drum 63 secured against rotation by the application of the brake in the manner 'previously described, then the disk 62 will also be held against rotation and the drive for-'the shaft 35 will be from the gear 58 through the idler gears GO to the gear 59. rThis condition obtains for backward drive of the tractor.

The steering mechanism comprises a segmental rack 78 f-'ecured to the tubular frame member 24 and to braces 79, a gear 80 meshing with said rack and mounted on a shaft 81v jourinllcd in the casing S2, and means driven by the engine 31 for turning said shaft S1 in either direction.

This shaft turning means consists, of a worm Wheel 83 mounted on the shaft 81, a norm 84 meshing therewith and mounted on a shaft 85, a bcvcl gear 86 mounted on the shaft and inesliing with opposiicly disposed bevel S7 and 88 mounted on a sha'lt 89, means for connecting and di fonnccting either of said gears S7 and 88 from driving engagen'ient with the shaft S9, and a driving connection between i fhe shaft Q and the engine 31 consisting of a bevel gear liti lfd

ing the gears 87 andv 88 with the shaft 89 comprises oppositely disposed friction clutches. Each of said clutches comprises a clutch disk keyed to the shaft 89 and a clutch disk 98 keyed to but slidably mounted on its respective bevel gear, the disks 96 each having an annular' groove 97 therein for receiving the bifurcated end 98 of a clutch shifting member 99 slidably mounted on a guide rod 100. The movement of this member 99 is controlled by the line drive control and by shifting this member both clutches may be disconnected or one clutch will be in when the other is out, Figs. 3 and 4. By means of this construction rotary motion is transmitted from the engine shaft 32 through the shafts 92, 89 and 85 to the shaft 81 to turn said shaft in the desired direction sothat the parts of the frame pivotally connected to the king bolt 20 will swing or turn about said bolt in the desired direction, the gear 80 moving the rack 78 for this purpose. The rack 78 is held in proper' alinement and guided by guide rollers 101 secured to brackcts 102 carried by the rack and moving in the channel of the arc-shaped frame member 19, Figs. 1, 2 and 4.

The line control for the driving mechanism consists of line controlled means for operating the transmission clutch and the transmission brake band.

The line controlled means for operating the transmission clutch mechanism consists of a link 103 pivotally connected at one end to the crank 70 and at its other end to a bell crank lever 104 pivotally mounted on a pin 105, a cam roller 106 carried by said lever 104 and engaging a cam 107 mounted on a control shaft 108, and mechanism controlled by the lines for turning the shaft 108, Figs. 3, 5. 6, 7 to 12.

The line controlled means for operating the transmission brake band consists of a link 109 pivotally connected at one end to a crank 110 carried by the shaft 77 and pivotally connected at its other endv to one end of a lever 111 which is pivotally mounted intermediate its ends on the pin 105 and carries a cam roller 112 at its other end engaging a cam 113 on the control drive shaft 108, Figs. 3, 5, 6, 7 to 12.

The mechanism controlled by the lines for turning the shaft 108 comprises an arm 114 secured to said shaft and a three arm lever 115 piafotally secured intermediate its ends by a bolt 116 to the free end of arm 114, the arms 117 and 118 of said lever having reins 119 and 120 respectively connected thereto. The shaft 108 is normally turned in one direction by a spring 121 secured at one end to the arm 114 and at the other by a bolt 122 to the frame member 17. The shaft 108 is adapted to be secured in neutral position by means of a latch 123 pivotally mounted intermediate its ends upon the casing 82 and having a notch 124 therein for receiving` the end of an arm 125 integral with the arm 114 but extending on the opposite side of the shaft 108. This latch 123 carries an adjustable weight 126 and an adjustable screw 127 limits its move-ment, Figs. 9 to 172 inclusive.

The line control for the steering mechanism consists of line controlled means for shifting the member 99. rlhis consists of a segmental gear 128 meshing with toothed projections 129 on the member 99 and mounted upon a shaft 130, and line controlled means for turning this shaft, Figs. 3, 4, 7 9 to 12.

The line controlled means for turning the shaft 130 consists of a segmental gear 131 carried thereby and meshing with a segmental gear 132 formed in a control member or lever 133 pivotally mounted intermediate its ends upon the shaft 108 and adapted to be moved by a link 134 pivot-ally connected at one end to the end 135 of the lever 133 and at its other tothe end of the arm 136- of the lever 115. A spring 137 is secured at one end to the end 138 of the lever 133 and at its other to the frame member 17 torhold the lever 133 in normal position. The end 135 of the lever 133 and the arm 136 of the lever 115 are of equal length and the arm 114 and link 134 are of equal length and as these parts are pivotally connected with respect to each other, a parallogram frame is formed, the position of the sides of which may be varied by moving the arm 114 through the pull on the lever 115 by the reins.

ln operating this machine the engine is started by turning the shaft 92 by any suitable agency as by a starting crank 140 suitably connected. up to said shaft. Then either the gear 49 is thrown into mesh with the gear 46 or the gear 48 into mesh with gear 47 on the turning of the shaft 54 in the proper direction, the selection of what speed is to be used depending upon the work to be performed by the tractor as for instance low speed is used for ploughing and high speed for hauling on the road. The machine is now ready for work and the operator from his place on scat 30 manipulates the reins in much the same manner as if he were driving a horse. Then the parallelogram frame is in the position shown in Fig. 9, the parts are in neutral position and are secured in this position by the latch 123 engaging the arm 125 though the steering mechanism may be operated by pulling either of the reins 119 and 120 to turn the lever 115 which through the link 134, lever 133, gears 132 and 131, gears 128 and 129 willv shift the member 99 so as to throw in the proper' cluch to drive the shaft 85 and through the gearinfY connection previously described to turn the tractor from about the king bolt r110 and 120 and then lets them move forward quickly under which conditions the arm 125 removed from locking engagement with the latch 123 and moves in under it, the parts impelled by the spring 121 and by the clutch springs assuming the position shown in Fig. 11'. In its movement from neutral to forward position the arm 114 turns the sha-ft 108 and the cams 107 and 113 acting on the levers 10-t and 111 permit the drum 63 to be moved by spring pressure into frictional engagement with the drum 68 and leave the brake 70 in released condition. l.Vhen in position of forward drive the lever 115 may be moved by reins 119 and 120 to operate the power steering mechanism to turn the tractor to the right or left in the same manner as when in neutral position. It' the tractor is to be driven backward the operator pulls back on the reins under which conditions the arm 125 moves out from under the latch 123, the parts assuming the position shown in Fig. 10. In its movement to reverse position the arm 114: turns the shaft 108 in the reverse directionand the cams 107 and llacting on the levers 104: and 111 move said levers to move the drum 63 out of frictional engagement with the drum 68 and apply the brake 70. "When in position of reverse drive the lever 115 may be moved by the reins 11S) and 120 to operate the power steering' mechanism to turn the tractor to the right or left as previously described.

The tractor is further provided with a drive pulley 141 mounted on the shaft and with the shafts 3&1 and thrown out of driving relation, the transmission means may be operated through the line drive control to connect the shaft 32 in driving` relation with the shaft Z55 to furnish power for driving.;- other machinery. Y

In connection with the power operated steering mechanism means are provided for automatically moving the disks 0G to neutral position when the gear is at the extreme positions of movement upon. the rack 78. This means consists of an arm secured to the steering shaft 130 and carrying adjustable screws lil-3 and 14kt adapted to engage stops 1415 and 1416 respectively carried bv the coupling 2l. Then the rear portion of the trame swings'to the extreme left the screw 1413 :-:.'rikes the stop lao and turns the shaft 1150 to shift the member 00 to move the disks 9G to neutral position and when the rear portion of the frame swings to the extreme right the screw 144 strikes the stop 146 and turns the shaft 130 to shift the member 99 to move the disks 9G to neutral. lVhen the disks 96 are in neutral po"- sition the gears 87 and 88 are loose on the `for the drivin(y mechanism is moved forward the tractor moves for *ard and mayY be steeredV at the same time and when the control. `for the driving mechanism is moved backward the tractor moves backward and may be steered at the same time so that the steering mechanism is independent of the control for the driving mechanism though it may be operated at the same time.

I am aware that the details of construction herein shown and described are subject to some modification and change and I therefore desire it to be understood that such changes as come within the scope of the appended claims I deem to be within the spirit of my invention.

that I claim as my invention is:

1. In a control mechanism for tractors, the combination of a revoluble control shaft, a crank carried by said shaft, a lever centrally pivotally connected to said crank and provided with an arm extending outwardly from its central portion, a steering control member pivotally mounted on said control shaft, a link connecting said control. member and the arm on said lever, said crank, lever arm, link and control member forming a parallelogram frame jointed at its ends, said lever being provided with laterally7 eX- tending arms, and reins secured to the ends of said arms.

2. In a control mechanism for tractors, the combination of a revoluble control shaft, a crank carried by said shaft, a lever centrally pivotally connected to said crank and provided with au arm extending outwardly from its central portion, a steering control member pivotally mounted on said control shaft., a link connecting said control member to the arm on said lever, said crank, lever arm, link and control member forming a parallelogram frame jointed at its ends, said lever being provided with laterally extending arms, reins secured to the ends of said arms. a pull on the reins serving to move said fran'ie to turn the shaft from forward to neutral or reverse position` means for moving said frame to move said shaft to forward position on a slackenino; of the reins, and means for releasably securing said frame and shaft in neutral position, said steering control member being operated through said frame by a pull on either rein.

3. In a tractor, the combination. with a source of power and a driven shaft, of a connection between said source of power and said shaft. including a combined clutch and planetary gear transmission and a brake for securing the clutch in inoperative position when said planetary gears are operating, means for shifting the clutch into op erative position, means for applying the brake, a revoluble control shaft operatively connected to said clutch shifting means and said brake applying means, and a line control device for operating said control shaft to operate said clutch shifting means and said brake applying means.

l. 1n a tractor, the combination, with .a source of power and a driven shaft, of mechanism for connecting said driven shaft with said source of power for forward drive, .mechanism for connecting said driven shaft with said source of power for reverse drive, cam operated means for controlling said forward drive mechanism, cam operated means for cont-rolling said reverse drive mechanism. a cam shaft for actuating' either of said cam operated means, steering' mechanism driven by said source of power, and a line control device for controlling the operation of said cam .shaft and said steering' mechanism` said control device comprising elements pivotally connected together and to said cam shaft and said steering mech- Award drive mechanism, cam operated means for controlling said reverse drive mechanisin, a cam shaft for actuating` either of said cam operated means, steering mechanism including a steering control member, and means for connecting a pair of reins operatively to said cam shaft and steering control memher for controlling the operation of said cam shaft hy a pull on both reins and for controlling the operation of said steering control member by a pull on either rein said connecting' means comprising elements pivotally connected together.

In testimony whereof, I affix my signature.

JAMES JESSEN. 

